Matteo… Teresi… Ishani… Izzet …

How can I build a fault-shifter circuit interface that allows a 5V TTL output to drive a 3.3V CMOS input with total safety? The interface must tolerate the 5V logic high and ensure the output is capped at 3.3V plus a margin. Being robust against possible faults is a mandatory feature for this professional and high-level circuit today.